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Class : Amphoras
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Source : Eastern Empire
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Distribution in Britain
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| Distribution summary |
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Illustration
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Source of ware
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National Roman Fabric Reference Collection (Tomber & Dore 1998)
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Cross-reference from this group to fabric descriptions published in
The National Roman Fabric Reference Collection (1998):
- GAZ AM
- Gaza amphorae p.96
Illustrations of these fabrics are available only in the printed catalogue: R. Tomber & J. Dore,
The national Roman fabric reference collection. A handbook
Museum of London Archaeology Service, London. MOLAS monograph 2. (1998). |
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| Summary |
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A cylindical `cigar-shaped' amphora with two small loop handles
and coarse ribbing on the lower body in a rough fabric.
Produced in the Gaza district of Palestine and widely distributed
around the Mediterranean during the 4th to 7th centuries. |
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Fabric and technology
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Hard, rough fabric, with abundant sand and limestone temper; varying
somewhat in colour, but often with a dark brown (5YR 5/6) surface.
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Forms
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Cylindrical amphora, usually described as 'cigar shaped', with
loop handles on the shoulders, tapering towards base, usually
with heavy ribbing on upper body. Majchereck (1995) defines four
sub-classes, varing from examples with a rather bulging profile
(form 1) to a taller, more slender variety (form 4).
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Chronology
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Principal exports are from 4th to early 7th c. AD, but production
from 1st c AD.
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Source
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The Gaza district of Palestine, perhaps with some production in
surrounding districts.
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Distribution
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Wide distribution around the Mediterranean; occasional in Gaul
and Britain.
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Aliases
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Augst class 60. Keay class LIV. Peacock and Williams
class 49 (Kuzmanov XIV, Carthage LR4, Gaza). British (Tintagel)
class Bvi.
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Bibliography
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Typology, production and dating: Majchereck 1995. Distribution:
Thomas 1981; Riley 1979; Bonifay and Villedieu 1989; Reynolds
1995, 71-83.
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References
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Bonifay and Villedieu 1989.
Bonifay, M. and Villedieu, F., 'Importations d'amphores orientales
en Gaule (Ve-VIIe siècles)' in Recherches sur la céramique
Byzantine, ed. V. Déroche and J.-M. Spieser, BCHsuppl, 18,
(1989), pp. 17-46.
Majchereck 1995.
Majchereck, G., 'Gazan amphore: typology reconsidered' in Hellenistic
and roman pottery in the Eastern Mediterranean -- Advances in
scientific studies. Acts of the II Nieborów pottery worskhop,
ed. H. Meyza and J. Mlynarczyk, Research Centre for Mediterranean
Archaeology. Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, (1995), pp. 163-178.
Reynolds 1995.
Reynolds, P., Trade in the Western Mediterranean, AD 400-700:
The ceramic aevidence, BAR International Series, 604,
Tempvs Reparatvm, Oxford, (1995).
Riley 1979.
Riley, J. A., 'The coarse pottery from Benghazi' in Excavations
at Sidi Khrebish, Benghazi (Berenice). II, ed. J. A. Lloyd,
Supplements to Libya Antiqua, 5, Department of Antiquities,
Tripoli, (1979), pp. 91-497.
Thomas 1981.
Thomas, C., A provisional list of imported pottery in Post-Roman
Britain and Ireland, Special report, 7, Institute of
Cornish Studies, Redruth, (1981).
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