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Class : Fine wares
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Source : Britain
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Distribution in Britain
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- Click on the image
(or here)
for larger map.
- This is a hectad map. More details of the data and mapping are available
here.
- Compare the distribution of this ware with others
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| Distribution summary |
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Illustration
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Roman Pottery in Britain (Tyers 1996)
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This ware is discussed on p.168-169 of Roman Pottery in Britain (1996).
Fabric code : HARS
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National Roman Fabric Reference Collection (Tomber & Dore 1998)
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Cross-reference from this group to fabric descriptions published in
The National Roman Fabric Reference Collection (1998):
- HAD OX
- Hadham Oxidised ware p.151
Illustrations of these fabrics are available only in the printed catalogue: R. Tomber & J. Dore,
The national Roman fabric reference collection. A handbook
Museum of London Archaeology Service, London. MOLAS monograph 2. (1998). |
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The Pottery kilns of Roman Britain (Swan 1984)
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This fabric was produced at kiln sites at these locations:
- Hadham, Little / Herts
- Hadham, Much / Herts
Display more details of these sites.Data summarized from V. G. Swan The pottery kilns of Roman Britain (HMSO, London, 1984, Royal Commission on Historical Monuments: Supplementary Series 5). |
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| Summary |
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Red wares produced in the area of Hadham (Herts/GB) and distributed
across south and east England during the 3rd and 4th centuries AD. |
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Introduction
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Pottery was produced at the kilns at Hadham (Herts) from the later
1st cent. Amongst the most distinctive products of the early
phase of the industry are the 'stamped London ware' bowls (Rodwell
1978) described elsewhere (see LEST). The industry expanded significantly
from the later 3rd cent. with the production of fine grey and
orange-red slipped and burnished wares. Although the orange wares
may have formed only a relatively small proportion of the output
of the later Hadham industry they are the most widely recognized
products of the kilns, and are described further below. Alongside
these wares there was some production of grey wares of the standard
later-Roman black-burnished derived forms, and jars with rilled
surfaces in gritty fabrics reminiscent in form of the jars of
the east Midlands shell-tempered industry (LRSH).
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Fabric and technology
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A range of hard, fine fabrics with sandy texture and finely irregular
fracture; bright orange-red (e.g. 2.5YR 6/12) or paler orange-pink
or reddish-yellow, distinctively slipped and burnished on exterior
of enclosed vessels and (usually) both surfaces of open vessels;
tempered with abundant fine quartz sand, moderate fine black and
red iron ores and some fine mica. Decoration, other than burnishing,
includes stamping, relief-moulded figures, bosses and dimples.
Grey (reduced) ware of similar character is less widely recognized.
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Forms
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No complete typology of Hadham products exits, but wide range
of forms are known, including jars, bowls, plates, flagons and
flasks. Some follow the common late-Roman imitation red-slipped
samian-derived forms, but others are highly decorated in so-called
'Romano-Saxon' style, incorporating stamps and moulding (including
anthropomorphic and animal motifs) with bosses and dimples.
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Chronology
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Production from mid-3rd, with expanded distribution from the beginning
of the 4th cent.
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Source
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Kilns at Little Hadham and Much Hadham (Herts).
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Distribution
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Earlier products have local distribution, but expansion during
3rd cent. Highest proportion of assemblages in Herts/Essex reached
during period AD 350-400 (e.g. Going 1987, 115-6).
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Aliases
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Caister-on-sea fabric MHAD-10. Chelmsford fabric
4. Chesterfield fabric 23. Colchester fabric CH.
Gestingthorpe fabric A1. Great Chesterford fabric
23. JRPS bibliography fabric had. Leicester fabric
OW9. Lullingstone fabric 19. Milton Keynes fabric
37. Kent fine fabric 12a. Towcester fabric 32.
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Bibliography
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For kilns: RCHM gazetteer F356-9; Rodwell 1982. Final
report on kilns and their products by C. Going, forthcoming; for
fabrics: Orton in AML 2053 1976; discussion of dating of Hadham
wares in Harden and Green 1978; Going 1987; for 'Romano-Saxon'
style: Roberts 1982 -- many are Hadham products.
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References
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Going 1987.
Going, C. J., The Mansio and other sites in the south-eastern
sector of Caesaromagus: the Roman pottery, Research reports/Council
for British Archaeology, 62, Chelmsford Archaeological
Trust; Council for British Archaeology, London, (1987).
Harden and Green 1978.
Harden, D. B. and Green, C. M., 'A late Roman grave-group from
the Minories, Aldgate' in Collectanea Londiniensia. Studies
in London archaeology and history presented to Ralph Merrifield,
ed. J. Bird, H. Chapman and J. Clark, Special Paper, 2,
London and Middlesex Archaeological Society, London, (1978), pp.
163-76.
Roberts 1982.
Roberts, W. I., Romano-Saxon pottery, British archaeological
reports. British series, 106, BAR, Oxford, (1982).
Rodwell 1978.
Rodwell, W. J., 'Stamp-decorated pottery of the early Roman period
in eastern England' in Early Fine wares in Roman Britain,
ed. G. D. Marsh and P. R. Arthur, British archaeological reports.
British series, 57, BAR, Oxford, (1978), pp. 225-92.
Rodwell 1982.
Rodwell, W. J., 'The production and distribution of pottery and
tiles in the territory of the Trinovantes', EssexAH, 14,
(1982), pp. 15-76.
AML 2053 1976.
Williams, D. F., Angel Court, Walbrook, London. Pottery,
Ancient Monuments Laboratory Reports, 2053, English Heritage,
London, (1976).
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